Panoram Kodak 4D
Kodak Panoram 4D c1920?
The lens swings across the view and projects the image through a rectangular aperture onto a curved film surface.
The effective shutter speeds available are approx 1/50 and 1/100s
The lens is f6.8 and can have stops inserted - I have made stops for f16 f22 and f32.
A yellow filter is used to reduce the intensity of the blues and tame the skies.
Each frame is 12 inches by 4 inches
I use single sheets of orthochromatic AGFA X-ray film (ISO100).
Stand developed in X-ray film developer diluted from usual strength 1:5.
Section Title
Wikipedia
The design of the Panoram was patented by Kodak Brownie designer Frank A. Brownell[5] and released as a series of models.[6][7][8][9] It was about the size of a shoe-box and could be hand-held for shooting landscapes,[10] and Kodak described it as "a camera of few parts. Its operation is very simple and good pictures will be obtained from the beginning."[11]
The Panoram No.1 had a swinging Goerz Dagor lens housed in a light-proof leather tube which projected the image progressively during its scan onto flexible 120 film,[12] held against a back plate curved to match the trajectory of the lens. Focus was fixed and the camera intended to render objects sharp only if over 7m (20 feet) into the scene.[11] The swinging mechanism through which the image was transmitted by a rear slit, and with the lens tube not pointing at the film at either end of its travel; were mechanisms which constituted the shutter, which had two settings; "fast" and "slow", the latter being used for most situations except for "views at the seashore, on the water, and for very distant views when the sunlight is unusually bright."[11]
A fold-down door covered the lens when not in use, except on Model 4. Framing was achieved using a brilliant finder mounted centrally on the top-front edge - some with a cover providing a mirror for eye-level use, supplemented by V-shaped sighting-lines across the top of the camera. A spirit level at the viewfinder aligned the shot with the horizon line. The No.1 captured 120º field of view, and produced negatives[13] 5.71 cm H x 17.78 cm W .[14] Model 3A used the 6-exposure 122 sized film roll for 3 shots and the 10-exposure roll for 5. The No.4 encompassed 142º on size 103 negatives,[15] each frame being 8.89 cm H x 30.48 cm W.[16